Full Remarks of Ashraf Ghani, President of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan at the BRICS Summit.

Let me thank President Putin, for providing an opportunity for our conversation.

Global order is in flux. While there is agreement on the inadequacy of mid-20th century rules of the game, there is disagreement on how to replace them with more equitable rules of the game regulating relations between states on the one hand and states and non-state actors and markets on the other.

The discourse on conflict between states is also faced a fundamental challenge; unconventional warfare is posing new questions regarding use of force, its adequacy and its efficiency. With states collapse becoming a pattern in some areas, the questions confronting us is no longer fixing a weak link, but rethinking a broken chain.

While threats to global order in general and to the state system in particular are increasing, the response is too fragmented and episodic. Terrorist and extremist organizations are exploiting the uncertainty to create an ecological system that would allow them to create a fast-changing morphology and a more rabid set of pathologies.

The ecology of terror is transnational and highly symbiotic with global, regional and national criminal networks expert at utilization of technology and the new media,  disciplined in use of violence to awe and overwhelm and skilled at identification, manufacturing and exploitation of grievances and social fissures to create discords.  In terms of organization and networks, their morphology shows rapid change.

Analysts have documented that Daesh in contrast to Al-Qaida has moved from organization to orientation, decision and action in a very short period of time. In terms of access to wealth, the quest for control of territory and modes of recruitment, terrorism has undergone a massive change in morphology. The change in ecology and morphology in turn is manifest in a more rabid pathology, extreme brutality against individuals, groups and institutions. \

Cultural heritage in forms of sociability are under attack. We in Afghanistan feel both the absence of rules of the game and the concentrated use of terrorists. Three good points:

First, we occupy a prominent place and the narrative and activities of  terrorist organization networks; they are betting on our failure and should they fail, three of our neighbors China, India and Russia out of the big countries will be in harms ways, but also all our other neighbors near and far; second, an all-out war is forced on us; we are fighting on behalf of the region in the world and in this fight we need to be joined by forceful and coherent action; three, the Afghan people have a vision; our vision is to become the Asian roundabout, a key hub of in the revival  of the Silk road.

What do we expect of the leaders of BRICS?

 First, lead an establishing the new rule of the games to regulate relations between states;

 Second, articulate and implement an agenda for strengthening of the state system. Without a coherent  state system, terror would not be overcome; it is the lack of cooperation between states that allows the ecology, morphology and pathology tothrive;

Three, secure an agreement on a comprehensive strategy of overcoming terrorism; our actions are partial and fragmented while they move with coherence, determination and decisiveness.

 And fourth, unleash the economic potential through regional cooperation and global cooperation particularly by translating the vision of Silk Road into an actual possibility because as long as there is massive poverty, there will always be a reserve army of labor to be recruited.

The young and the excluded must have a place in our global order and regional order in order to own it and defend it. We have the world in Afghanistan not only to overcome the past but to marshal our energy to realize a compelling, credible and feasible vision of the future.  Our proposal is to see and use Afghanistan as a platform for cooperation, not as a place of competition.

Let us work together to bring peace stability and prosperity to our interconnected world. Thank you.